Sunday, 15 December 2013
Monday, 3 June 2013
GENERATE ENERGY FROM WASTE: BIOFUEL
Recycling the waste is gaining importance worldwide as the resources are getting used up. What better utilization can there be than converting the waste into biofuels?
Bioenergy is the energy that is derived from biomass i.e. energy from biological origin. Biofuel are the fuels which generally originate from agricultural crops known as Energy Crops. Biofuels can also be made through chemical reactions, carried out in a laboratory or industrial setting, that use organic matter to make fuel. Biomass is simply organic matter (dead material) that was once living. Kernels of corn, mats of algae, and stalks of sugar cane are all biomass.
The main concern of is to reduce the problem arising from the accumulation of waste & the need of their management. As the non- renewable sources of energy (fossil fuels) are slowly coming to a stage of being completely used up, an alternate source of energy is of gaining importance. It is envisaged that this conversion may also decrease the speed of global warming. As per a recent report, by the year 2020, 19 million tons of oil equivalents could be derived from biomass. Out of this, 46% is obtained from bio-wastes like farm waste, agricultural waste, municipal solid waste and other biodegradable waste streams.
In addition to environmental benefits of using biofuels as an alternative source of energy, Biofuels are also economically feasible.
Biomass technology today serves many markets that were developed with fossil fuels and modestly reduces their use. Biomass processing technologies and biofuels use have the potential to increase emissions of ozone precursors.
Sources of energy such as Biodiesel can be generated from waste oils & fats using a number of techniques which not only helps in generation energy but also helps in conversion of waste to energy.
Recovering energy from food waste has gained popularity around the world as it increases the ng prospect of generating renewable energy source to meet future energy requirements. Biofuels can also be produced from Municipal Solid Waste, Waste Wood, Sewerage, Effluents from industry
Biodiesel (methyl ether of fatty acids) is envisioned to be a substitute of the hydrocarbon fuel & is derived from Waste food & oil. It can be generated either from Base or Acid catalyzed transmogrification or by Conversion of oil to fatty acids and then to Ester by acid catalysis. Bio diesel has many benefits as it has a high cetacean number & flash point in addition to its property of being a good lubricant, biodegradable & low toxicity.
Biodiesel needs to be tested for its Physical, Chemical & com positional properties so that its quality can be evaluated. The most basic test for bio diesel is to carry out visual inspection which requires a great deal of expertise. A number of analytical testing methods are considered to test biodiesel for its quality as per national & international standard test procedures. The test method includes study of the specific gravity of bio diesel using hydrometer, measuring its pH,Flash Point, Cloud Point ,Cetane Number, Viscosity & many more parameters…
Biodiesel can be used to power existing Diesel Engines used in Automobiles. It also finds its application in heating of homes, generation of electricity etc among others.
ULTRASONIC DETECTION USING SENSOR DEVELOPED BY MICROMACHINING
ULTRASONIC DETECTION USING SENSOR DEVELOPED BY MICROMACHINING
Ultrasonic transducer finds its application in development of Ultrasonic detection equipments used for fault detection, level, motion-state monitoring. The technique can also be used for ultrasonic
medical-imaging and non-destructive
materials testing (NDT Testing) devices.
A team of researchers from
Institute of Microelectronics, Singapore have developed a type of tilt sensor
used in ultrasonic devices for
sensing applications. The device is based on principle of Echolocation, used by Dolphins & Microbats for locating prey
& navigation. The technique uses sound/ultrasonic waves to located objects
& surfaces. The principle is also made use of by Ships & submarines to
avoid collisions Micromachining technique is used to develop
capacitive micro machined ultrasonic transducers' (CMUTs) on silicon wafer .When
ultrasonic waves are applied on the
membrane of the sensor (biased CMUT) an alternating signal(energy
transduction)is generated w.r.t change in capacitance. Since the device is fabricated using micromaching, the component is
very compact & can be conveniently integrated with
standard electronics components, which are also based on silicon.
The tilt sensors measure the
local slope of the structure and are therefore sensitive to any distortion that
might result from damage. Tilt sensor are applied to carry out Non Destructive Testing of Bridges for damage detection. Tilt Sensors are also used in Camera to capture real-time views and images from
inside voids such as tubes, pipes,
machines, and enclosed structures for Remote Visual Inspections
NDT Testing is used to evaluate the structural integrity of a material for Internal Flaws, defects & discontinuities without destructing the subject under
inspection. Spectro Analytical Labs Ltd
provides complete NDT Testing & Inspection Services under one roof for the
testing of Pipelines, structural evaluation of buildings, bridges etc.
Thursday, 14 March 2013
Spectro's Philosophy in Laboratory Testing – Quality over Quantity
Today's global economy is characterized
by extreme competition in every field of business, be it the
manufacturing sector or the supporting services sector, due to use of
high-end technology, innovative way of working, and availability of
skilled manpower. One very important aspect of contemporary trade is
the requirement that a particular product or commodity should conform
to a certain set of specifications as laid down in various national
and international standards. This forms the basis of agreement
between the trading parties, viz., exporter and buyer of a particular
commodity/item. Other requirements or conditions necessary to be
fulfilled by business bodies include mainly the government
regulations, like EPA, FSSAI, FDA, RoHS etc, besides some technical
specifications as agreed between the concerned parties. Assessment of
Quality of a product or commodity is achieved by use of services
provided by Third Party Testing Laboratories, Contract Research
Organizations etc. Further, the quality of these laboratories have to
be evaluated before any company should enroll their services.
There are a number of key factors that confer a laboratory the winning edge over its competitors:
There are a number of key factors that confer a laboratory the winning edge over its competitors:
- Accreditations, Approvals, & Certifications obtained by a laboratory give credence to its Quality System, mode of working, and also assures reliability of the test results in terms of Accuracy & Precision
- Availability of sophisticated and calibrated analytical instruments, which ensures high throughput and low turnaround time. It also helps mitigate human error factor.
- Implementation of Laboratory Information Management System for better coordination of all the activities forming part of testing
- Provision of customized services besides routine & non-routine services, which would attract more innovative business enterprises and budding business companies
- Facilitating understanding of the test reports in terms of interpretation and applications
- Provision of additional allied services, like sample pickup at customer's end and sample registration, that would complement the main services
- Reasonable testing charges and easy mode of payment
- Competent Customer Care Services to enable better communication between the clients and the testing laboratory
It is hard to find a laboratory
possessing all the above-mentioned attributes, but these are
guidelines that any company desirous of conducting its business
efficiently should take into consideration. In this context, SpectroAnalytical Labs Limited is a name to reckon with in the field of
high quality testing services. The testing services provided by
Spectro relate to various commodities and items, like metals &alloys, polymers & rubber, building materials, ceramics,
refractories, food items, hardline and softline goods, electrical &
electronic items etc. The testing services provided by Spectro take
care of the key aspects of Performance, Quality, and Safety.
Spectro's main credential is NABL Accreditation, which it has
acquired on the basis of compliance with the requirements specified
in ISO 17025:2005.
Due to Spectro's demonstrated
competence in providing accurate and precise testing services,
Spectro has procured various approvals from government agencies, like
Food Safety & Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), BIS, DMRC,
MoEF, EIL etc.
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